Contributed by John Bright on Mar 10, 2025
                
                
                
                    Roman short whip, also called a flagrum.  It was made of two or three leather (ox-hide) thongs or ropes connected to a handle. The leather thongs were knotted with several small pieces of metal, usually zinc and iron, attached at various intervals. Scourging would quickly remove the skin. According
                    
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                    Methodist