The Divided Kingdom (After Solomon)

Kingdom Split: ~945 BC

Judah (South) — Capital: Jerusalem — 2 tribes

Israel (North) — Capital: Samaria — 10 tribes

(B = Bad king, G = Good king — as indicated on the chart)

Kings of Judah (South)

King Moral Reign (BC) Biblical References

Rehoboam B 945–928 1 Kings 12:1; 2 Chronicles 10:1

Abijah (Abijam) B 928–926 1 Kings 15:1; 2 Chronicles 13:1

Asa G 926–886 1 Kings 15:9; 2 Chronicles 14:1

Jehoshaphat G 886–864 1 Kings 22:41; 2 Chronicles 17:1

Jehoram B 865–858 1 Kings 22:50; 2 Chronicles 21:1

Ahaziah B 859–858 2 Kings 8:24; 2 Chronicles 22:1

Queen Athaliah B 858–852 2 Kings 11:3; 2 Chronicles 22:10–12

Jehoash (Joash) G 852–813 2 Kings 11:21; 2 Chronicles 24:1

Amaziah G 812–784 2 Kings 14:1; 2 Chronicles 25:1

Kings of Israel (North)

Dynasty King Moral Reign (BC) Biblical References

1 Jeroboam I B 945–924 1 Kings 12:20; 2 Chronicles 10:17

1 Nadab B 925–924 1 Kings 15:25

2 Baasha B 924–901 1 Kings 15:28

2 Elah B 901–900 1 Kings 16:8

3 Zimri B 900 1 Kings 16:15

3 Omri B 900–889 1 Kings 16:23

4 Ahab B 889–870 1 Kings 16:29

4 Ahaziah B 870–869 1 Kings 22:40

4 Jehoram B 869–858 2 Kings 3:1

5 Jehu B 858–831 2 Kings 9:13; 19:16; 2 Chronicles 22:7

5 Jehoahaz B 830–814 2 Kings 13:1

5 Jehoash B 816–798 2 Kings 13:10

Prophets Active During This Period

Prophet Approximate Period

Obadiah ~890–860 BC

Elijah ~875–850 BC

Elisha ~860–800 BC

Joel ~850–830 BC

Simplified Timeline (BC)

945 Kingdom Divides

¦

¦ Rehoboam (Judah)

¦ Jeroboam I (Israel)

940

930

920

¦ Asa (Judah)

¦ Baasha (Israel)

910

900

¦ Omri (Israel)

¦

890 -- Ahab reigns in Israel

¦ Elijah ministers

880

870

¦ Ahaziah / Jehoram (Israel)

¦ Jehoshaphat (Judah)

860

¦ Jehu becomes king of Israel

¦ Elisha active

850

¦ Athaliah rules Judah

840

¦ Joash king of Judah

830

¦ Jehoahaz king of Israel

820

¦

810

¦ Amaziah king of Judah

Judah had a mixture of good and bad kings.

Israel had no kings labeled “good.”

JUDAH

Uzziah (G)

(Azariah)

799–748

II Kings 15:1

II Chronicles 26:1

Jotham (G)

747–732

II Kings 15:32

II Chronicles 27:1

Ahaz (B)

732–717

II Kings 15:38

II Chronicles 28:1

Hezekiah (G)

727–698

II Kings 18:1

II Chronicles 29:1

Manasseh (B)

697–642

II Kings 21:1

II Chronicles 33:1

Amon (B)

642–640

II Kings 21:19

II Chronicles 33:21

Josiah (G)

640–609

II Kings 22:1

II Chronicles 34:1

Jehoahaz (B)

608

II Kings 23:31

II Chronicles 36:1

Jehoiakim (B)

608–598

II Kings 23:36

II Chronicles 36:4

Jehoiachin (B)

598

II Kings 24:6

II Chronicles 36:9

PROPHETS (center timeline)

Jonah

Amos

Hosea

Micah

Isaiah

Nahum

Zephaniah

Jeremiah

Habakkuk

ISRAEL

Jeroboam II (B)

798–762

II Kings 14:16

Zechariah (B)

762

II Kings 14:29

Shallum (B)

761

II Kings 15:10,13

Menahem (B)

761–751

II Kings 15:14,17

Pekahiah (B)

750–748

II Kings 15:23

Pekah (B)

748–729

II Kings 15:25,27

Isaiah 7:1

Hoshea (B)

728–721

II Kings 15:30

Historical Note

In 732 B.C. after conquering Damascus, the Assyrians under Tiglath-Pileser attacked Israel, led the tribes of Gad, Reuben, and Manasseh captive to Mesopotamia, and demanded tribute from the remaining tribes.

Ten years later (722 B.C.), upon the death of Tiglath-Pileser, Israel refused to continue paying tribute. Assyria responded by attacking Samaria and led the rest of the ten tribes captive.

Divided Kingdom Timeline (800–600 BC)

Approx. Year Judah (Kings) Israel (Kings) Prophets Active

800 Uzziah (Azariah) begins reign (799–748)

Jeroboam II (798–762) Jonah

790 Uzziah Jeroboam II Amos

780 Uzziah Jeroboam II Amos

770 Uzziah Jeroboam II Amos

760 Uzziah Zechariah (762) Hosea

750 Jotham (747–732) Shallum (761), Menahem (761–751) Isaiah, Micah

740 Jotham Pekahiah (750–748) Isaiah, Micah

730 Ahaz (732–717) Pekah (748–729) Isaiah, Micah

720 Hezekiah (727–698) Hoshea (728–721) Hosea

710 Hezekiah — (Fall of Northern Kingdom approaching) —

700 Manasseh (697–642) Israel already conquered Nahum

690 Manasseh — Nahum

680 Manasseh — —

670 Manasseh — —

660 Manasseh — —

650 Amon (642–640) — —

640 Josiah (640–609) — Zephaniah

630 Josiah — Jeremiah

620 Josiah — Jeremiah

610 Jehoahaz (608) — Habakkuk

600 Jehoiakim (608–598) — Jeremiah, Habakkuk

Key Historical Events

732 BC

After conquering Damascus, Assyria under Tiglath-Pileser attacked Israel and deported the tribes of Gad, Reuben, and Manasseh to Mesopotamia.

722 BC

After Israel refused tribute, Assyria attacked Samaria, and the remaining ten tribes were taken captive, ending the Northern Kingdom of Israel.

JUDAH ISRAEL

Zedekiah (B)

597–586

II Kings 24:17

II Chronicles 36:11

Babylon rose in power until it conquered the Assyrians and placed Judah under tribute (605 B.C.). King Jehoiakim rebelled, leading to the eventual conquering of Jerusalem in 597 B.C. and to the Babylonian captivity of 70 years (dated from the first deportation around 606 B.C.).

There were 3,023 taken captive in the seventh year of Nebuchadnezzar (Jeremiah 52:28) and 7,000 taken captive in the eighth year (II Kings 24:12,16), a total of around 10,000.