INTRODUCTION
Outline.
1. Justified By Faith Only?
Remarks.
1. In this lesson today, we will be discussing the theme: “Justified By Faith Only?" This is the third lesson in the sermon-series entitled: "Re-digging in Old Wells." There will be many others bearing this title. We are re-digging in old wells, to obtain what Isaiah promised: "With joy, you will draw water from the wells of salvation," Isaiah 12:3. There are times we must re-dig in old wells to obtain the joy found in the: "waters of salvation." This sermon type is called: "expository preaching." In these lessons, our goal will be: "to dig a little deeper" in the text of emphasis. We will allow the writer, the characters in the verses, and the Master's words to shed new meaning to His words of eternal life, John 6:63; John 10:10.
2. We will consider this question is a man: "Justified By Faith Only?” By this, we mean: Can a person be justified or saved by faith alone, apart from works of righteousness, or acts of obedience unto God? Is there such a thing as: "Saved by faith only?" We will re-dig in old wells to find a biblical answer. Ulysses Shields, called this kind of teaching: "digging a little deeper," in the word of truth. He was my grandfather in Christ. We will use as a foundational text for this sermon-series: "And Isaac re-dug the wells of water, which they had dug in the days of Abraham...for the Philistines had stopped them (closed them up) after Abraham’s death, etc.,” Genesis 26:18. The Philistines: “Stopped them, and filled them with earth,” because they envied Isaac’s possessions, Genesis 26:14-15.
3. Our scripture of emphasis, reads like this: “Was not Abraham our father justified by works when he had offered Isaac, his son upon the altar? Seest thou how faith wrought with his works (obedience) and by works was faith made perfect? And the scripture was fulfilled, which saith, Abraham believed God, and it was imputed unto him for righteousness: He was called the Friend of God. Ye see then that by works a man is justified, and NOT by faith only,” James 2:21-24. Some find these James’ words conflicting with Paul’s discourse, about Abraham’s faith, in Romans 4:1-5. We will attend to this concern in the lesson.
4. These verses may be troubling to the readers; but, what they do not say is: Abraham was saved or justified by faith ONLY. We will exegete these verses in the lesson. However, it is essential to consider every text within the context of the scriptures. With God’s help, we will do just that, to draw: “New water from old wells.” With this introduction, let’s consider this topic carefully, with both our bibles and hearts opened unto the living God.
BODY OF LESSON
I JUSTIFIED BY FAITH ONLY?
A. Background scriptural study. Preceding James' question: "Was not Abraham, our father justified by works when he had offered Isaac, his son upon the altar? Seest thou how faith wrought with his works (obedience) and by works was faith made perfect?” James 2:21-22. He laid for us a foundation for these words: faith and works, in Chapter 1. Let’s review James’ preliminary work before we exegete the text of emphasis in this lesson.
1. James wrote: “But be (become) you doers of the word, and not hearers only, deceiving yourself. For if any be a hearer of the word and not a doer, he is like unto a man beholding his natural face in a glass: For he beholdeth himself, and goeth his way, and straightway forgetteth what manner of man he was. But whoso looketh into the perfect law of liberty, and continueth therein, he being not a forgetful hearer, but a doer of the work, this man shall be blessed in his deed,” James 1:22-25. James uses some action words (verbs) to help us understand his use of the words “faith and works,” in the context of this scripture. His action words: i.e., doers, hearers, work, and deed. Let’s review them in the context of the scriptures, leading up to our text of emphasis. Observe--
2. Action words. James provides some “action words,” we must first consider in this study of faith: “i.e., doers, hearers, work and deed.” Faith is a word of action! Let's examine each of these words in their original language. This will help us understand James’ meaning and their use as we move forward in the lesson. Observe--
a. First, the phrase: “but be (become) you doers of the word.” The word “doers” in Gr., is poietes or poi-a-ta's, which means one who is a: --doer, of the work; or one who obeys or fulfills the law. True believers are doers (obedient) to the word and not just hearers (listeners) of the word.
b. Further, the phrase: “and not hearers only.” The word “hearers” in Gr., is akroates or ä-kro-ä-ta's, which means to listen; a hearer (merely). True believers are more than just listeners of the word; they are doers of the word. In James 1:25, he uses the terms of interest to this study: “But a doer of the work, this man shall be blessed in his deed.”
c. Next, the phrase: “but a doer of the work.” This word “work” in Gr., is ergon or e'r-gon, which means to toil; by implication, an act:—deed, doing, labor, work. The idea of working is emphasized in opposition to that which is less than working (i.e., hearing). If we combine: “doers and works” together, it will read as, “poi-a-ta's e'r-gon,” or, “doers of the work.” True believers are “doers of the word and the work.” Faithful believers:
1) Will obey the commands or the voice of God, Jeremiah 7:23; Jeremiah 11:4; Jeremiah 11:7.
2) Will hear, believe, and do the “will of the Lord,” John 7:16-17; Ephesians 5:17.
d. Finally, “This man shall be blessed in his deed,” James 1:25b. The word “deed” in Gr., is poiesis or poi'-a-ses, which means action, i.e., in performance (of the law):—deed. He is blessed in his doing, i.e., obedience to the law and works of God. This man shall be blessed in his deeds, faithful obedience to the law of Christ, and the commandments of God. We will make “heads and tails” of this later in the lesson. But for now, let’s consider what the Master declared regarding the “hearing and doing,” of His sayings (words). Observe--
3. He that heareth my sayings and doeth them. Compare the Lord’s words; with those of James’ illustrations. The Lord said:--
1) First, “And why call ye me, Lord, Lord, and do not the things which I say? Whosoever cometh to me, and heareth my sayings and doeth them; I will shew you to whom he is like:”
a) Wise man: “He is like a man who built a house, and dug deep, and laid the foundation on a (bed) rock: and when the flood arose, the stream beat vehemently upon that house, and could not shake it: for it was founded upon a rock.”
b) Foolish man: “But he that heareth, and doeth not, is like a man that without foundation built a house upon the earth; against which the stream did beat vehemently, and immediately it fell, and the ruin of that house was great,” Luke 6:46-49. Matthew calls these men: wise and foolish builders, Matthew 7:24-27.
c) Conclusion: The one who heareth and doeth does well. He who heareth and doeth not will fail. The true believers in God, heareth and doeth His will. He is obedient to the words, commands, and the will of God. He serves Him in: faithful obedience. I wish I had some help! Jesus continued--
2) Second, “If ye love me, keep my commandments,” John 14:15; John 15:14-15. John wrote: And we know, that “His commandments are not grievous,” 1 John 5:3.
3) Last, “Ye are my friends, if ye do whatsoever, I command you,” John 15:14; Isaiah 41:8; James 2:23.
4) Conclusion: Jesus asserts that those who hear His words and doeth them are friends of the Lord. Just like Abraham was a Friend of God. In our final background scriptural study, Jesus affirms, that “faith (itself) is the work of God.” Hear the Master--
4. Faith is work. We will now begin our discussion of the topic in earnest. Our final background of authoritative study will be, John 6:28-29. These teaching resulted after Jesus had fed the five thousand, John 6:10-14. He taught that one should not come to Him, merely to eat of the loaves; but, to eat the "meat which endureth unto everlasting life,” John 6:26-27. Amen, brother Doors!
a. John wrote: Then said they (the multitude) unto him (Jesus): “What shall we do, that we might work the works of God? Jesus answered and said unto them: This is the work of God; that ye believe on him whom he hath sent,” John 6:28-29. Let’s glean from this text, the real meaning of faith and works. Notice—
1) The multitude asked: “What shall we do, that we might work the works of God?”
2) Jesus answered: “This is the work of God; that ye believe on him whom he (God) hath sent." That is to believe in Jesus Christ. The Master’s answer:
a) This is the work of God that ye believe.
b) That ye believe on Him who God hath sent, John 7:38-39.
c) Therefore, faith is work, i.e., the work of God! And it is the work of God!
d) If we believe not on Him, we shall die in our sins, John 8:24; John 5:23-24.
b. Fundamental truth. Therefore the most fundamental truth is: to work the works of God is to have faith in Jesus Christ. The Lord defines faith in this text, as the “work of God.” This is the same Greek word: e'r-gon; James uses, in our text of emphasis. We will be there shortly! I am laying a firm foundation in this lesson!
1) Faith, therefore, is a work of God; that must be coupled with an act of obedience. We will discuss this more fully later in the lesson.
2) However, for now, let's establish that the true believers: hear, believe, and obey the voice and commands of God, to be justified in His sight. Faith must act in concert with obedience to the commandments, or the word or voice of God.
c. I caution all of us to be careful in using the terms "work and faith." In the context of this text, “faith” is the work of God. Faith in Jesus Christ means more than just “belief.” It includes: “doing the things” the Lord has commanded. Amen, sister Doors! It’s mighty quiet up in here, right about now!
d. James has eloquently illustrated this truth of God, earlier in his Letter. He wrote: “But whoso looketh into the perfect law of liberty, and continueth therein, he being not a forgetful hearer:”
1) First, “But a doer of the work (of God).” Ephesians 2:10; Romans 10:1-4.
2) Second, “This man shall be blessed.” Galatians 6:9-10.
3) Third, “Rewarded in his deed (doing),” James 1:25; James 2:24.
4) To this truth, the apostle John also agrees, 1 John 3:17-18.
e. Conclusion: Therefore, the man that heareth and doeth the will of the Lord shall be blessed in his deeds. The New Greek-English Interlinear New Testament reads: “This one shall be blessed in his doings of Him,” Page 797. The one that keeps the commandments of God: are blessed; they are rewarded. Moving forward in this lesson, we will now notice James’ illustrations of “faith and works,” James 2:14-18. Here is our last foundational scripture in this lesson. Observe--
B. James’ illustrations of faith. He wrote: “What doth it profit, my brethren, though a man says he hath faith, and have not works? Can faith save him? If a brother or sister be naked and destitute of daily food; And one of you say unto them: Depart in peace, be ye warmed and filled; notwithstanding ye give them not those things which are needful to the body; what doth it profit? Even so, faith, if it hath not works, is dead, being alone. Yea, a man may say: Thou hast faith, and I have works. Shew me thy faith without thy works, and I will shew thee my faith by my works,” James 2:14-18. Observe James’ conclusions--
1. What is profited? “If a man says, he hath faith, and (hath) not works: (good deeds, actions, doings; or, obedience to God)? Can faith save him?
NOTE: Illustration, “Can a drowning man be saved, if he doesn’t grab and cling to the safety buoy: tossed to him by a rescuer?” No, this would be impossible!
2. What is profited? "If a brother or sister is naked, starving of daily food and you say: depart in peace, be warmed and filled, and give them not that which is needful to the body?" Can words of peace and comfort satisfy their hunger?
3. Even so, faith, if it hath not works: is dead, being alone. Yea, a man may say: Thou hast faith, and I have works: shew me thy faith without thy works, and I will shew thee my faith by my works of God’s (good deeds, actions, doings), in obedience to Him. Consider--
a. The words, “faith without works is dead,” James 2:20. These words “faith without works is dead,” are translated in the New Greek-English Interlinear New Testament as: “Faith without works is unproductive,” Page 799.
1) It is inactive, it is dead, and it’s unproductive.
2) It availeth nothing! I wish I had some help with this lesson!
b. King Saul was rejected. Samuel said unto him: “Behold, to obey is better than sacrifice, and to listen than the fat of rams... Because thou hast rejected the word of the LORD, he hath also rejected thee from being king. And Saul said unto Samuel; I have sinned: for I have transgressed the commandment of the LORD, and thy words: because I feared the people, and obeyed their voice,” 1 Samuel 15:22-24.
1) Saul had transgressed the commandment of the Lord, and God rejected him as king.
2) He heard the Lord; but, failed to obey Him because: "he feared the people," more than reverencing the Lord. For this, disobedience, he lost his throne!
c. Some will not hear and believe the truth in this lesson. They will reject it because they fear the people, more than reverencing the word of the Lord.
1) The lesson's conclusion will be perceived as a “hard saying” unto many, John 6:60; Hebrews 5:11; 2 Peter 3:16.
2) They will reject His word, and He will reject them: for their unbelief, on the last day, John 12:48.
d. Conclusion: Having faith without works, deeds, or acts of faith in obedience: such faith is incomplete; it is dead being alone. Therefore, faith alone cannot save; no more than words of peace and comfort alone, feed and fill a hungry belly. Faith without works, deeds or acts of obedience, is dead being alone. True faith must work (be active) "through genuine love,” Galatians 5:6; 1 Thessalonians 1:3; 1 Corinthians 13:1-3; 1 Corinthians 13:13.
4. Devil has faith. What do you more than Satan? James wrote: “Thou believest that there is one God; thou doest well: the devils also believe, and tremble,” James 2:19. Do you want to boast about your faith? Faith only! Well, the evil one also has faith, maybe even more than many of us.
a. The devil believes and trembles. If more of us just did that, we would be much closer to the Lord; and a faithful steward of His word.
b. Paul wrote: “Wherefore, my beloved, as ye have always obeyed, not as in my presence only, but now much more in my absence, work out your salvation with fear and trembling. For it is God which worketh in you: both to will, and to do of His good pleasure,” Philippians 2:12.
c. I doubt Satan will be saved. His work is to blind and deceive others, just as he did Eve, 1 Timothy 2:13-14; Genesis 3:1-7. Listen to God, and not the evil one!
d. To believe such a doctrine: “justified by faith only,” evidently such a person has been misled, by the subtly of the: “Serpent who deceived Eve by his cunning devices, and your thoughts have been led astray from a sincere and pure devotion to Christ,” 2 Corinthians 11:3; Ephesians 4:11-15.
e. I implore you to trust God and seek salvation through your: “faith and obedience” to the gospel of Christ, Romans 1:16; Romans 10:16-18. With this background information covered, we are now ready to investigate our text of emphasis. Observe--
C. James’ account in his Letter: Abraham is justified by works. Text of emphasis: “Was not Abraham our father justified by works when he had offered Isaac, his son upon the altar? Seest thou how faith wrought with his works (deeds of obedience) and by works was (his) faith made perfect? And the scripture was fulfilled, which saith, Abraham believed God, and it was imputed unto him for righteousness: and he was called the Friend of God. Ye see then how that by works a man is justified, and not by faith only,” James 2:21-24. Now our real work begins in this lesson. Let’s “dig a little deeper” in the word of truth. Let’s discover James’ real meaning of the words: “Ye see then how that by works a man is justified (saved), and not by faith only,” James 2:24.
1. Abraham Justified by works. James wrote: “Was not Abraham...justified by works when he had offered Isaac, his son upon the altar?" James 2:21. James begins with a question to his audience. That is, was not Abraham justified by works, when: He offered Isaac his only son? Was Abraham’s offering of Isaac, a profession of faith and obedience? How else can we describe this act of sacrificial faith?
2. Abraham’s faith made perfect: “Seest thou how faith wrought with his works (obedience), and by works (his) faith was made perfect?” James 2:22. James uses the phrase: “how faith wrought with his works." We must look at this word also to ascertain its meaning in the Greek.
a. The word “wrought” in Gr., is synergeo or sün-er-ge'-o, which means to be a fellow-worker, i.e., co-operate:—help, to (work) with, work (-er) together. It means that “faith” has put forth power together with “works” and thereby to assist in "making one's faith perfect."
b. The word synergeo forms our English word: “synergism.” It is a medical term, “synergistic effect.” In medications: “the dose of one medication taken in conjunction with another medication; has a synergistic effect, in the treatment of an illness or disease.” Observe--
1) James wrote: Abraham’s faith and works (of obedience) were working together to make the working of his faith perfect.
2) Paul wrote: “For I will not dare to speak of any of those things which Christ hath not wrought by me, to make the Gentiles obedient, by word and deed. Through mighty signs and wonders, by the power of the Spirit of God; so that from Jerusalem, and round about unto Illyricum, I have fully preached the gospel of Christ,” Romans 15:18-19. Observe--
a) The apostle wrote: Christ wrought “sün-er-ge'-o” by me, to make the Gentiles: “obedient by word and deed." Paul affirms, the Gentiles were obedient to the gospel, through "word and deed,” i.e., through his preaching and miracles; and, through their “faith and obedience.”
b) The Gentiles were: obedient to the gospel through the word (faith) and deed (works). The term "deed" here might require another lesson. Praise God, Almighty!
c) This writer believes the words: “word and deed" meant through: "faith and baptism," Romans 1:16; Romans 6:17-18; and Acts 18:8. If not, why not?
c. Paul's Letter to the Hebrews. In this Letter, he wrote of Abraham's "faith and the offering of Isaac" as a sacrifice unto God. His faith and offering up his son, made the working of his faith perfect unto God, through obedience. Paul reviews Abraham’s faith and obedience:—
d. Paul wrote: “By faith Abraham, when he was tested, offered up Isaac, and he who had received the promises, offered up his only begotten son, whom Jehovah promised, that: "In Isaac, your seed shall be called.” He concluded “that God was able to raise him, even from the dead, from which he also received him in a figure,” Hebrews 11:17-19. Let’s summarize Paul’s words. He wrote: “By faith Abraham when he was tested:”
1) “Offered up Isaac, whom he had received by promise.”
2) “Offered up his only begotten son.” See, John 3:16.
a) "Whom it was said: In Isaac, your seed shall be called." See, Matthew 3:14-17.
b) "He concluded that God was able to raise him:"
i) “Even from the dead.” See, Acts 2:22-28.
ii) “By which he had also received him in a figure.”
iii) Isaac is a type of Christ!
e. Conclusion: Abraham was tested in offering up his only son. The only son he had received from God, by promise. Isaac was Abraham’s promised seed, though which: “all the nations of the earth would be blessed.” Abraham determined if he took the lad's life, God could raise him from the dead. Even in the same manner, he had already received Isaac in a figure, in his old age, and with the deadness of Sara's womb, Romans 4:18-22. He believed in the promise of God. Therefore, Abraham was "justified by his faith and obedience,” unto God. Moving towards a conclusion--
3. Abraham believed God: “And it was imputed unto him for righteousness: and he was called the Friend of God,” James 2:23; 2 Chronicles 20:7; Isaiah 41:8. Abraham was "justified by faith" through his acts of faith and obedience unto God. The offering of his only son, and trust that God would fulfill His promise: "In your seed shall all the nations of the earth be blessed,” Genesis 22:18; Genesis 12:3; Galatians 3:6-9. Through, Abraham’s faith and obedience:
a. It was imputed (added to his account) for righteousness.
b. He was called the Friend of God.
c. After he had offered up Isaac, his son unto God.
d. Our promised benefit. Abraham’s faith and obedience: “Was not written for his sake alone, that it was imputed to him: But for us also, to whom it shall be imputed, if we believe on Him that raised Jesus our Lord from the dead; Who was delivered for our offenses, and was raised again for our justification," Romans 4:23-25; Romans 5:1-2. Beloved of God, we can be confident of this, because: “God is faithful that promises,” Hebrews 10:23; Hebrews 11:11.
4. Abraham not justified by faith ONLY. Therefore, Abraham was not justified by faith only. These are James' words, not mine. And I believe them because the record of the events on the mount; proves Abraham's faith was made complete in his obedience to the voice (command) of God, Genesis 22:18.
5. Abraham Justified by works. James concludes: “Ye see then how that by works (ones’ obedient deeds, doings, or acts of faith unto God) a man is justified, and NOT by faith ONLY,” James 2:24; James 2:26. To solidify James's account, let's review the actual event, written by Moses in the Book of Genesis. Let’s hear the words of Abraham’s “faith and obedience” from Jehovah Himself!
D. Moses’ account in Genesis: Abraham’s faith and obedience. Text of emphasis, Genesis 22:1-18. We have captured the entire story of Abraham’s faith and obedience to the will of God. Therefore, there will be no background information for this test. The text is presented in segments for easier reading. Moses wrote--
1. God's test of Abraham: “Now it came to pass after these things that God tested Abraham, and said to him, “Abraham!” And he said, “Here I am. Then He said, “Take now your son, your only son Isaac, whom you love, and go to the land of Moriah, and offer him there as a burnt offering on one of the mountains of which I shall tell you,” Genesis 22:1-2.
2. The mount of the Lord: “So Abraham rose early in the morning and saddled his donkey, and took two of his young men with him and Isaac, his son; and he split the wood for the burnt offering, and arose and went to the place of which God had told him. Then on the third day, Abraham lifted his eyes and saw the place afar off. And Abraham said to his young men, “Stay here with the donkey; the lad and I will go yonder and worship, and we will come back to you,” Genesis 22:3-5; Genesis 22:19. Abraham had faith that God could raise his son Isaac; if he took his life as an offering unto God. I know he had questions of why?
3. Abraham and Isaac’s ascent: “So Abraham took the wood of the burnt offering and laid it on Isaac, his son, and he took the fire in his hand, and a knife and the two of them went together. But Isaac spoke to Abraham, his father, and said, "My father!" And he said, "Here I am, my son." He said, "Look, the fire and the wood, but where is the lamb for a burnt offering?” And Abraham said, “My son, God will provide Himself a lamb for a burnt offering.” So the two of them went together,” Genesis 22:6-8.
4. Isaac an offering: “Then they came to the place of which God had told him. And Abraham built an altar there and placed the wood in order:”
a. First, “He bound Isaac, his son.” Abraham tied Isaac up with rope to restrain him. No doubt at this time: his heart is filled with fear, and eyes with tears. He perhaps even comforted the lad. It will be alright, son.
b. Further, “He laid him on the altar, upon the wood.” I don’t see the lad trying to get off the altar. Isaac was a “living sacrifice unto God.” And so must we be also, Romans 12:1-3.
c. Next, “And Abraham stretched out his hand: and took the knife to slay his son,” Genesis 22:9-10. With great heaviness of heart, he stretched forth his hand, preparing himself for what was coming. He is now about to take the lad’s life.
d. Subsequently, Abraham summoned: "But the angel of the LORD called to him from heaven and said, Abraham, Abraham...Do not lay your hand on the lad, or do anything to him; for now, I know that you fear God since you have not withheld your son, your only son, from Me, “Genesis 22:11-12. Listen to Jehovah:
1) For NOW, I know that you fear God.
2) Since you have not withheld your son.
3) Your ONLY son, from me.
4) God acknowledges Abraham's faith and obedience. You have not withheld your son, your only son, from me. In other words, you have, in fact: "offered him as a burnt offering unto me,” as I had commanded thee, Genesis 22:2; Genesis 22:18.
e. Finally, Abraham’s substitute: “Then Abraham lifted his eyes and looked, and there behind him was a ram caught in a thicket by its horns. So Abraham went and took the ram and offered it up for a burnt offering instead of his son. And Abraham called the name of the place, The-LORD-Will-Provide; as it is said to this day, “In the Mount of the LORD it shall be provided,” Genesis 22:13-14.
NOTE: Illustrate, God prepared for Abraham a substitute. Christ is our substitute. Not for ours only, but for the sins of the whole world, 1 John 2:1-2.
1) Jesus took our place on the cross of suffering and death that we might live! And be justified by faith and sincere obedience unto God.
2) When the Lord witnesses your faith and obedience and blesses you. Lift up your eyes to see those blessings and give Him thanks!
3) Don’t wallow in what could have been, but thank Him for the gracious gift of eternal life, through Jesus Christ, John 3:16; Romans 5:1-2; Romans 6:23.
5. Abraham’s faithful obedience: “Then the Angel of the LORD called to Abraham a second time out of heaven, and said:”
a. First, "By Myself, I have sworn, says the LORD, because you have done this thing and have not withheld your son, your only son.” See, Hebrews 6:13-18.
b. Further, “Blessing I will bless you, and multiplying I will multiply your descendants as the stars of the heaven and as the sand which is on the seashore; and your descendants shall possess the gate of their enemies,” Genesis 15:13-16.
c. Next, "In your seed, all the nations of the earth shall be blessed.”
d. Finally, “BECAUSE you have obeyed my voice,” Genesis 22:15-18.
6. Summary of Moses’ account. How faith and works justified Abraham. It is not necessary to reiterate what has already been written regarding these verses. Here is a summary of Abraham’s faith and works (deeds, doings, acts of faith, and obedience).
a. Abraham’s faith and offering of Isaac, unto God. Abraham’s faith and work synergistically “sün-er-ge'-o” was (working together) to perfect (complete) his faith.
b. Moses wrote: “The angel of the Lord said unto Abraham:”
1) "For NOW, I know that you fear God.”
2) “Since you have not withheld your son.”
3) “Your ONLY son, from me,” Genesis 22:11-12.
4) “By Myself, I have sworn, says the LORD:”
5) “In your seed, all the nations of the earth shall be blessed,” Genesis 22:17-18a.
6) “BECAUSE you have obeyed my voice,” Genesis 22:18b.
c. Conclusion: Abraham’s faith was enjoined with an act of obedience: “he offered Isaac,” as a burnt offering unto the Lord his God. True faith involves the believer’s demonstrating their faith, by obeying the voice or commands of God, (i.e., by works, deeds, doings, or acts of faith), “to make the working of their faith perfect,” and “pleasing unto Him,” Hebrews 11:1; Hebrews 11:6; Hebrews 11:17-19.
7. Summary of Paul’s account. Abraham justified by faith and work. Observe--
Paul’s review of this event: “By faith Abraham when he was tested:”
a. “Offered up Isaac, whom he had received by promise.”
b. “His son, his only begotten son.”
c. "Whom it was said: In Isaac, your seed shall be called."
d. “He concluded that God was able to raise him:"
1) “Even from the dead.”
2) “By which he had also received him in a figure,” Hebrews 11:17-19. Do you see a “type” of Christ in this text?
3) Conclusion: Paul wrote similarly, like Moses, regarding the events on the mount. Abraham was "justified by works" when he offered up Isaac on the altar, as God had commanded him. He did it in faithful obedience to God. If you want a definition of "faith and works," it is this: “faithful obedience.”
i. He believed that if he took the lad's life, God would similarly raise him, in which he had received Isaac, his son beforehand. Abraham's faith was working though obedience unto the voice of God.
ii. Jehovah said: “Now I know that you fear me, you have NOT withheld thy son, thy only son from me. In thy seed shall all the nations of the earth be blessed: because you have obeyed my voice,” Genesis 22:15-18.
iii. We are now at the seeming conflict of Paul and James’ account of Abraham’s “faith and works,” Romans 4:1-2. We will dig a little deeper! Stay with me!
E. Paul’s account in Romans: Abraham justified without works. I will deal with this seeming conflict here because some will find fault with our earlier discussion of Abraham's faith in the Book of James. Peter wrote: "For so is the will of God, that with well doing ye may put to silence, the ignorance of foolish men,” 1 Peter 2:15; Psalm 31:18; Titus 1:9. I solemnly affirm--
1. There is no conflict between James and Paul’s accounts of Abraham’s faith in God. Each of these accounts; speaks to a different time in Abraham’s walk of faith. Some will be troubled like the Jews in Jerusalem: “They will cry out, and cast off their clothes, and throw the dust into the air,” Acts 22:23. They will vehemently disagree with our conclusions! And I understand that will be made manifest!
a. The Ephesians’, and Jews rejected Paul’s preaching: “Some, therefore, cried one thing, and some another: for the assembly was confused; and the more part knew not wherefore they were come together,” Acts 19:32; Acts 21:32-34.
b. There will be some confusion in this lesson! Don't be deterred: “hold fast the word of truth,” 1 Thessalonians 5:21; Psalms 119:43; Psalms 33:4.
c. I will not quote any distinguished authors outside of the bible. We will let the inspired men of God provide their interpretation, 2 Peter 1:20-21.
2. Background information: Romans, Chapters 3, and 4. Just like before, we will consider some background scriptures before discussing the text of emphasis. Our preliminary investigation begins in Romans, Chapter 3.
a. In the closing verses of this chapter, Paul argues: That all have sinned, and both Jews and Gentiles. And that God: “Justifies men freely by His grace through the redemption that is in Christ Jesus...whom He hath set forth to be the propitiation through faith in his blood, to declare his righteousness for the remission of sins that are passed through the forbearance of God...To declare...his righteousness: that He might be just, and the Justifier of him which believeth in Jesus...Therefore, we conclude that a man is justified by faith without the law's deeds,” Romans 3:24-28. There are some redounding truths in this text; they are:
1) All have sinned.
2) God justifies freely by His grace:
a) Through the redemptive work of Christ.
b) He set forth Him to be the propitiation through faith in his blood.
3) To declare, His righteousness:
a) For the remission of past sins.
b) His forbearance, overlooking, and not imputing.
4) To establish, at this time, His righteousness, that:
a) He might be just and the Justifier.
b) Of them which believeth in Jesus.
5) Therefore we conclude:
a) A man is justified by faith.
b) Without the deeds (works) of the law, Galatians 2:16; Galatians 3:11-12.
b. Paul declares: “That a man is justified by faith without the law's deeds,” Romans 3:28. Here is the truth of the entire matter. All have sinned, now sin, and will transgress, and will have to be: “justified by faith in Jesus, and not the deeds of the Law or works of righteousness,” Romans 10:1-4. Those that lived under the Patriarchal age (Noah, Enoch, Abraham, etc.), and those that lived under the Mosaic age (Moses, Joseph, David, etc.), were justified by faith, and not the deeds of the law. Before proceeding, we need to do some additional background investigation.
c. Paul continues: “Is he the God of the Jews only? Is he not also (God) of the Gentiles? Yes, of the Gentiles, seeing it is one God, which shall justify the circumcision by faith, and uncircumcision through faith. Do we then make void the law through faith? God forbid: yea, we establish the law,” Romans 3:29-31; Galatians 3:16-19. Paul finishes his thought: “That a man is justified by faith and not by the deeds of the law,” Romans 3:28. Let's keep before us, Paul’s teaching points:
1) God justifies all believers freely by His grace.
2) God’s forbearance in the remission of sins which are past (He did).
3) That He might be just and the Justifier of them which believeth in Jesus.
4) That a man is justified by faith, and
5) Without the deeds (works) of the law (is a fact).
NOTE: Illustrate, the word “works” mention in the text of emphasis, are mentioned earlier as: “the deeds of the law,” Romans 3:28.
d. Deeds of the law. I present these texts for your consideration of the words: “deeds of the law” and the “works of the law.” Observe--
1) First, “Therefore by the deeds of the law, there shall no flesh be justified in his sight:...The righteousness of God without the law is manifested, being witnessed by the law and the prophets; Even the righteousness of God which is by the faith of Jesus Christ unto all and upon all them that believe: for there is no difference,” Romans 3:20-22.
2) Further, "Knowing that works of the law do not justify a man, but by the faith of Jesus Christ, even we have believed in Jesus Christ, that the faith of Christ might justify us, and not by the works of the law: for by the works of the law shall no flesh be justified," Galatians 2:16.
3) Finally, “But that the law justifies no man in God's sight, it is evident: for the just shall live by faith. And the law is not of faith, but the man who doeth them shall live in them...Christ hath redeemed us...That the blessing of Abraham might come on the Gentiles through Jesus Christ; that we might receive the promise of the Spirit through faith,” Galatians 3:11-14. With our faith in these indisputable truths, we are now ready to: “rightly divide the word of truth,” in our text of emphasis, Romans 4:1-5. Let’s “dig a little deeper.”
3. Text of emphasis. Abraham not justified by work? Paul wrote: “For if works justified Abraham, he hath reason to glory; but not before God. For what saith the scripture? Abraham believed God, and it (his faith) was counted unto him for righteousness. Now to him that worketh is the reward not reckoned of grace, but (it is a) debt. But to him that worketh not, but believeth on Him that justifieth the ungodly, his faith is counted for righteousness,” Romans 4:1-5. Paul settled this matter in the same verses. However, we will forge ahead to a real solution.
NOTE: The word “it” in this sentence: Abraham believed God, and it was imputed unto him for righteousness, is his faith. Abraham believed God, and it (faith) was imputed unto him for righteousness. Before we begin our explanation of this text, within its context: let’s agree first in these two contextual things:
a. Romans 4:1-5; Romans 4:9-17 describes Abraham's faith before the birth of his son, Isaac;
b. James 2:20-24 is recounting Abraham's offering of Isaac, his son, unto God.
1) These are in no wise the same acts of faith and works. Help me, somebody.
2) We cannot with any integrity nor while using sound hermeneutical principles: "overlaying" or "copy and paste,” Romans Chapter 4, into James Chapter 2.
c. They are two different accounts of Abraham’s “faithful obedience” unto God. If we can agree upon this: then, we should be able to reach an authoritative accord. Let's "dig a little deeper" into Paul's account of Abraham's faith in this text.
4. Abraham believed in God. Works did not justify Abraham, Romans 4:2-3. Paul wrote: "For what saith the scripture? Abraham believed God, and it was counted unto him for righteousness,” Romans 4:3. What enabled Jehovah to count Abraham’s faith for righteousness? He said it: Abraham believed in God. That in him and his seed: “Shall all nations be blessed,” Romans 4:3. Paul wrote of this truth in the Letter to the Galatians, Chapter 3. Observe--
a. Abraham believed God: “And it was accounted to him for righteousness...And the scriptures, foreseeing that God would justify the heathen through faith, preached before the gospel unto Abraham, saying: In thee shall all nations be blessed. So then they which be of faith are blessed with faithful Abraham,” Galatians 3:6-9.
b. What accounted for Abraham’s blessing? It was his faith in the promise of God. Paul continued: “Abraham believed God, and it (his faith) was counted unto him for righteousness,” Romans 4:3. The “it” in this text: is faith! You can see it!
1) In his belief in God, he also believed in Jesus: who was the "seed" of promise, who would "bless all nations," Galatians 3:6; Galatians 3:16.
2) Abraham did not know the full contents of the pledge. But, when he believed in God, he accepted all things that made up His promise.
3) Now the text of emphasis in this discussion of Abraham being: “justified without works.”
c. Some argue James’ Letter is inconsistent with Paul’s Letter to the Romans (i.e., Martin Luther, Calvin, Evangelicals, etc.) and many other denominations.
1) James wrote: “Abraham was justified by works, and not by faith only,” James 2:24.
2) Paul wrote: "Works did not justify Abraham," but made no mentioning of: by faith only, Romans 4:2.
3) Neither Paul nor James wrote: “Abraham was justified by faith only.”
4) We will reconcile these two inspired writers, in the lesson, if the Lord says so!
d. Paul wrote: “Now to him that worketh is the reward not reckoned of grace, but (it is a) debt. But to him that worketh not, but believeth on Him that justifieth the ungodly, his faith is counted for righteousness,” Romans 4:4-5.
5. Questions regarding the text of emphasis. Let’s get into it! In doing so, we must first ask a few questions about the text of emphasis. Observe--
a. First, what is meant? “Now to him that worketh is the reward not reckoned of grace, but (to him a) debt," Romans 4:4. If it had been possible, for one to live by the law perfectly, to that person’: justification would be by the: “works of the law.”
1) To him that worketh is a reward, it is not reckoned of grace, but it is a debt?
2) But we have seen earlier: “Therefore by the deeds of the law, there shall no flesh be justified in his sight:...But now the righteousness of God without the law is manifested, being witnessed by the law and the prophets; Even the righteousness of God which is by the faith of Jesus Christ unto all and upon all them that believe: for there is no difference,” Romans 3:20-22.
3) Conclusion: Therefore, none could be justified by the law, and therefore cannot boast before God or men of “their righteousness,” Galatians 3:11-12; Acts 13:38-39; Romans 10:1-4. We are all “saved by grace.” Paul wrote: “For by grace are ye saved through faith; and that not of yourselves: it is the gift of God: Not of works, lest any man should boast,” Ephesians 2:8-9. None can be saved by the “works of the law,” or through “human merit” (or worthiness).
NOTE: For more information about being saved by grace. Download our sermon- series: “By Grace are ye Saved” on SermonCentral.com.
b. Further, what is meant? “But to him that worketh not, but believeth on Him that justifieth the ungodly, his faith is counted for righteousness,” Romans 4:4-5. Here is the answer to this question: “Was Abraham justified by works?” Recall our discussion earlier in the lesson: how God justifieth a man? This is how God justified Abraham. Paul declared that both Jews and Gentiles are saved by grace. And that:
1) He justifies freely by His grace, Romans 3:24.
2) He justifies all by faith (not by faith only, but).
3) He justifieth without the deeds (works) of the law, Romans 3:28.
4) Conclusion: Therefore, Abraham was justified freely by grace; and justified by faith without the deeds or the works of the law. The Law of Moses was not yet given. Therefore God justified Abraham, through grace. Paul concluded: “He believeth on Him that justifieth the ungodly (by grace), and his faith was counted for righteousness,” Romans 4:4-5. Yes, in this setting, Abraham was justified by faith. Even in this setting, we must conclude, his faith involved faith and trust in God.
NOTE: We cannot overlay Abraham’s act of faith in this event; to the one, we have studied in James 2:20-24. Paul’s account here in Romans; occurred before Abraham had a son. This is what he then, “believed in God”: that he will have a son, and this son would be his heir. Isaac’s birth was the fulfillment of Jehovah’s promise to Abraham. We will close out this study discussing how Abraham continued believing in God, though the conditions of having a son seemed unlikely. He realized, that with God: “There is nothing impossible,” Matthew 19:26; Romans 4:16-22.
c. Next, what is meant? “Even as David also describeth the blessedness of the man, unto whom God imputeth righteousness without works, Saying, Blessed are those when their iniquities are forgiven, and sins are covered (concealed). Blessed is the man to whom the Lord will not impute (keep account) of his sin,” Romans 4:6-8. Paul now turns his attention to David, the great king of Israel. He was a man after God’s own heart, Acts 13:22-24. Observe—
1) David is speaking of the blessedness of the man to whom God accounts righteousness without works. Another translation says: apart from works. David, “says further:”
2) “Blessed are those whose: iniquities are forgiven, and their sins are covered.”
a) The word “iniquities” in Gr., is anomia or ä-no-me'-ä, which means illegality, i.e., violation of law or wickedness:—iniquity, transgress (-ion of) the law, unrighteousness.
b) David lived and died under the Law of Moses.
c) His “works and faith” were under the law.
d) His sin and penalty for them: were also under that law, 2 Samuel 12:13-14.
3) “Blessed is a man to whom the Lord will not impute his sins,” Psalms 32:1-2.
a) How was this possible? Those who were called, He justified freely by His grace.
b) Those who sinned under the Mosaic age (Moses, David, etc.) were justified by faith and not by the deeds of the law.
c) David wrote: "I acknowledge my sins unto thee, and my iniquities have I not hid. I said I would confess my transgressions unto the Lord, and thou forgavest the iniquity of my sin. Selah." Psalms 32:5; Psalms 51:9-13. How was this possible?
d. Finally, Paul had earlier declared that:
1) God justifies all freely by His grace through the promised redemption in Christ Jesus, Romans 3:24; Ephesians 1:7; Colossians 1:14.
To declare--
a) His righteousness: “For the remission of sins which are past.” Those who sinned while living under the Patriarchal and Mosaic ages; had their sins forgiven and justified freely by God’s grace. In like manner, we are also forgiven under the Christian era, Romans 5:1-2; Ephesians 2:8-9.
b) His forbearance of sins under the first covenant.
2) Why did he do it? He was: “Longsuffering not willing any should perish, but that all should come to repentance,” 2 Peter 3:9; Acts 17:30-31.
3) How did he do it? “And for this cause, he (Jesus) is the mediator of the New Testament, that through death, for the redemption of the transgressions that were under the first testament, they which are called might receive the promise of eternal inheritance,” Hebrews 9:15-17; Hebrews 11:13; Hebrews 11:39-40.
4) Why did he do it? To declare, at this time His righteousness: that He might be just and the Justifier of them which believeth in Jesus.
5) Conclusion: Paul used David to show that it was God’s mercy and forgiveness that describeth the blessedness of a man. Unto whom God imputeth righteousness without works, saying: Blessed are they whose iniquities are forgiven, whose sins are covered. David's blessedness, and Abraham's justification, was both “by faith and without the works of the law.” This truth was the entire premise of Paul's statement: “Abraham was not justified by works,” Romans 4:2-3.
6. Abraham’s blessedness. Paul wrote: “(Who) cometh this blessedness (of David) then, upon the circumcision only or upon the uncircumcision also? For we say that faith was reckoned to Abraham for righteousness. How was it then reckoned? When in circumcision or uncircumcision? Not in circumcision, but in uncircumcision,” Romans 4:9-10. When was the blessedness given?
a. The answer to circumcision or uncircumcision is here; in Abraham’s uncircumcision, "this blessedness was granted unto him.”
b. For faith was reckoned to Abraham for righteousness.
c. Abraham though a Gentile, ungodly, and uncircumcised, was imputed (accounted) the righteousness by faith.
7. Abraham’s sign. He continues: “And he received the sign of circumcision, a seal of the righteousness of the faith which he had yet being uncircumcised: that he might be the father of all them that believe, though they are not circumcised; that righteousness might be imputed unto them also: And the father of circumcision to them who are not of the circumcision only, but who also walk in the steps of that faith of our father Abraham, which he had being yet uncircumcised,” Romans 4:11-12. Here it is!
a. Abraham received the sign of circumcision (as):
1) A seal of the righteousness of the faith.
2) Which he had yet being uncircumcised.
3) (He received the seal of righteousness, without the works of circumcision), Romans 2:28-29; Leviticus 12:3.
4) God gave him the covenant of circumcision, after giving him the promise: “In thy seed shall all nations be blessed,” Genesis 17:10; Genesis 12:2-3. (God imputed His righteousness unto Abraham, while he was yet ungodly, uncircumcised, and a Gentile).
5) Conclusion: Abraham was counted as righteous by God in Genesis 15, although not receiving the covenant of circumcision, from God until Genesis 17, some 14-15 years before while uncircumcised. Therefore his righteousness did not come through the works of circumcision, but through the righteousness which is by faith,” Galatians 3:6; James 2:23.
b. For this reason:
1) That he might be the father of all them which believe, though they are not circumcised.
2) That righteousness might be imputed unto them also:
a) To those who are not of the circumcision only (Jews).
b) But who walk in the steps of that faith of our father Abraham (Gentiles).
3) Which he had being yet uncircumcised.
8. Abraham’s promise. Paul penned: “For the promise, that he should be the heir of the world, was not to Abraham, or his seed, through the law, but through the righteousness of faith. For if they are of the law be heirs, faith is made void, and the promise made of none effect: Because the law worketh wrath: for where no law is, there is no transgression,” Romans 4:13-15.
9. Abraham’s faith. Paul adds: “Therefore it is of faith, that it might be by grace; to the end, the promise might be sure to all the seed; not to that only which is of the law, but to that also which is of the faith of Abraham; who is the father of us all, (As it is written, I have made thee a father of many nations,) before him whom he believed, even God, who quickeneth the dead and calleth those things which be not as though they were,” Romans 4:16-17. The remaining text deals with Abraham's hope in the promise of God that he will have an heir, a seed from his loins, and the womb of Sara. Hope believed in hope!
10. Final Conclusion: Therefore, Romans 4; is not discussing Abraham’s faith and obedience during his offering up of Isaac, his only son unto God. It deals with God’s promise to give him a son, or seed from his loins. This righteousness was without works (circumcision). God declared him righteous by faith without the works of circumcision. That Abraham might be the father of both the circumcised and the uncircumcised (Jews and Gentiles) through the righteousness of faith. Paul wrote: “That the blessing of Abraham might come on the Gentiles through Jesus Christ; that we might receive the promise of the Spirit through faith,” Galatians 3:14; Galatians 3:15-18; Galatians 3:26-29. We are blessed with faithful Abraham, “through the righteousness of faith.” I trust this lesson settles the question for you that one cannot be: "Justified by faith only," James 2:24. Let me move to the conclusion of this lesson. You recall we discussed--
CONCLUSION
A. Outline.
1. Justified By Faith Only?
B. Summarize main points.
1. We considered this question is a man: "Justified By Faith Only?" By this, we meant: Can a person be justified or saved by faith alone, apart from works of righteousness, or acts of obedience unto God? Is there such a thing as: "Saved by faith only?" We re-dug in old wells to find a biblical answer.
2. Our scripture of emphasis was thoroughly investigated. James wrote, asking his reader: “Was not Abraham, our father justified by works when he had offered Isaac, his son upon the altar? Seest thou how faith wrought with his works (of obedience) and by works was faith made perfect? ... Ye see then how that by works a man is justified, and NOT by faith only,” James 2:21-24. Some have found James’ words in conflict with Paul’s discourse, about Abraham’s faith, in Romans 4:1-5.
3. We first settled the question is a man: “Justified by faith only?” We determined that this teaching is false: “a man is justified by faithful obedience," i.e., faith and works (deeds, doings, and acts of faith), and obedience unto the command, or the voice of God. Then we carefully resolved the alleged discrepancy between Paul’s teachings in Romans 4:1-5 and James's teaching in James 2:20-24. We determine, that neither of these events could be “overlaid” upon each other. They were from two separate incidents in the life of Abraham’s faith in God. Thank you for your patience in this lesson. Feel free to post any comments on Sermoncentral.com.
C. Invitation. Present the pattern of conversion, H.B.R.C.B.
D. Exhortation.
E. Motivation.
References:
1. The New Greek-English Interlinear New Testament; United Bible Societies,’ Fourth, Corrected Edition, Tyndale House Publishers, Inc., Wheaton, IL, 1990.
2. Textus Receptus, taken from the Greek Text of Stephens 1550, The Englishman’s Greek New Testament, Zondervan Publishing House, Grand Rapids, Michigan, First Zondervan Printing, 1970.
