Defining the Relationship
Romans 8:12-18
This week, I asked several people around me if they knew t what a DTR was. My suspicion was that if you were a college student or young adult, you knew exactly what a DTR was, but that if you were older, you didn’t. And as it turned out, I was right. When I asked a few people around my age what DTR stood for, and I heard “Don’t Trust Russia;” “Don’t Throw Rocks; Donald Trump Rocks; and even Dang Tide Roll—kind of a mashup between WDE and RTR.
But if you ask a twentysomething, they will tell you that the DTR is when you and your significant other sit down and DEFINE THE RELATIONSHIP. Where is this heading? What are we to each other? Are we just hanging out, or are we shopping for rings?
It’s a fair question. As a relationship progresses, it changes. A DTR is necessary so you know where you stand.
I want to suggest that Romans 8:12-17 is God’s DTR with His children. Because of what Jesus has done for us, our relationship with God has changed. We have a new status with Him. A new position.
Join me in prayer, and then we are going to go verse by verse through this passage.
[Prayer]
Now, we are going to be talking about how our relationship has changed, but before we get to that, I want to talk about how our motivation for relationship changes:
Verse 12 starts with the phrase “so then:”
12 So then, brothers, we are debtors, not to the flesh, to live according to the flesh.
This is a conditional clause. It’s like “because of this.” This is a tip off that there has been a change of motivation. We used to do something for one reason; now we do it for a different reason. So then, we have to back up a verse or two and read what the “so then” refers to. Paul says “so then, we are debtors, but not to the flesh.” Well, who are we debtors to? Verse 11 gives the answer:
11 If the Spirit of him who raised Jesus from the dead dwells in you, he who raised Christ Jesus from the dead will also give life to your mortal bodies through his Spirit who dwells in you.
Ok, so then, we are debtors to the Spirit. A debtor is someone who is in debt to someone else. Someone to whom we owe something. For example, Max credit union loaned as money for the renovation of our sanctuary several years ago, and this week we paid off the debt. We finished paying what we owed to Max credit union.
So what has God given us in order to make us obligated to Him? Verse 11 says that God gives life to our mortal bodies through the Spirit that raised Jesus from the dead, and Who now dwells in us.
That catches us up to verse 12. Because we have life, we have an obligation to God. But it is more than that. God cancelled the debt we had to the flesh—to sin—when He sent His son to die on the cross for the forgiveness of our sins. Remember that Romans 6:23 says the wages of sin is death. Jesus paid that debt for us. And then, when the Spirit of God raised Jesus from the dead, he not only cancelled the debt, but He also gave life—eternal life—to us.
God gives life to our mortal bodies through the Spirit that raised Jesus from the dead. Because Jesus’ physical body was raised from the dead through the power of God’s Spirit, then we who are in Christ will also have a physical body that will be united with God in Christ forever. We won’t be this disembodied spirit floating around in the clouds.
That’s why Paul goes on in verse 13 to say,
13 For if you live according to the flesh you will die, but if by the Spirit you put to death the deeds of the body, you will live.
You will live—with a physical body—forever. A physical body that will never grow old or get sick or become weaker.
So Paul says that we are debtors. But wait a minute. Aren’t all our debts paid? Isn’t salvation by grace? Why are we still debtors if Christ paid the debt?
The New International Version makes this a little more clear when it says “we have an obligation, but not to the flesh, to live according to the flesh. Our new obligation is to the One who assumed the payments for our debt.
Our obligation is to put to death the deeds of the body. This is what the Puritans called the mortification of the flesh.
Tim Keller says,
This means a Christian doesn’t play games with sin. You don’t aim to wean yourself off it, or say, “I can keep it under control.” You get as far away from it as possible. You don’t just avoid the things you know are sin; you avoid the things that lead to it; and even the things that are doubtful. This is war!
(Romans 8-16 For You; p. 22)
Grace doesn’t change the need to put to death the deeds of the flesh, it just changes the motivation. Your motivation isn’t to earn your way to heaven or avoid the punishment of hell. Because of grace, your motivation is love and gratitude toward the One who gave everything up in order for you to become part of his family. So if you are filling in the blanks on your listening guide, you can say that the motivation changes from duty to delight.
One of the greatest examples I have ever seen of this attitude is when in 1986, Dr. Robertson McQuilken, president of Columbia Bible College, resigned from the presidency in order to provide round-the-clock care for his wife, who had been diagnosed with Alzheimer’s. In his farewell address to the student body, Dr. McQuilken said,
One of the simplest and clearest decisions I’ve had to make is this one… I must be with her at all times. And you see, it’s not only that I promised in sickness and in health till death do us part… but it’s the only fair thing. She sacrificed for me for years to make my life possible. So if I cared for her for forty years, I would still be in debt.
However, there is much more. It’s not that I have to, but that I get to. I love her very dearly… she’s a delight. It’s a great honor to care for such a wonderful person.
So that is how the motivation changes—from a have to to a want to; from a duty to a delight.
Now let’s look at how the relationship itself changes: from being sons to being slaves.
Look at verses 14-15:
14 For all who are led by the Spirit of God are sons of God. 15 For you did not receive the spirit of slavery to fall back into fear, but you have received the Spirit of adoption as sons, by whom we cry, “Abba! Father!”
Paul teaches that we are children of God, by adoption.
Now according to pop culture, we are all God’s children. Tina Turner in “We Are the World: “We are all a part of God’s great big family…” And that’s true, in the sense that God created us all.
Paul himself, when he was speaking to pagan philosophers in Acts 17, quoted one of their own poets and said “We are all God’s offspring.” But while it is true creatively, that every human being is created by God in His image, it isn’t true redemptively.
You see, before you were saved, your relationship with God was only as your Creator. God loved you, but your sin separated you from Him. He was your creator, but He wasn’t your Father.
Jesus Himself confirmed this. Once, some Pharisees came to Jesus and confronted Him about His teachings. They said to Him in John 8:41, we have one Father—even God.” Look how Jesus responded:
42 Jesus said to them, “If God were your Father, you would love me, for I came from God and I am here. I came not of my own accord, but he sent me… 44 You are of your father the devil, and your will is to do your father's desires.
I’m almost positive “We Are the World” would not have been nearly as popular if Michael Jackson had sung, “You’re of the world… your dad’s the devil…”
But according to Jesus not everybody is a child of God. In fact, there's only one way to become a child of God. And that is by receiving God's son as Savior into your life. That's the only way.
12 But to all who did receive him, who believed in his name, he gave the right to become children of God, 13 who were born, not of blood nor of the will of the flesh nor of the will of man, but of God (John 1:12-13)
So we are born—not of blood; that’s a biological birth; or of the will of man—that’s us choosing God; but by the will of God—God choosing us. The word Paul uses in verse 15 is adoption. The Greek huiothesis, which literally means “son-making.” We have received the spirit of “son-making” by whom we cry out, Abba, Father.
Adoption—being placed as a son-- is different from being born as a son. When a child is adopted, his or her identity shifts from their biological parents to their adoptive parents. Our biological parents are Adam and Eve. We are, according to Ephesians 1, by nature children of wrath. But God placed us as sons and daughters into a new family. His family.
One time a teacher was trying to explain adoption to her class of kindergartners. One little girl shot her hand up, and said, I can tell you what adoption is. I'm adopted, and my mom explained it to me. “Adoption is when a child grows in your heart instead of your tummy.”
What a beautiful description of adoption. And from a theological perspective, it’s an accurate description of biblical adoption. You see, God had you growing in his heart for years.
In Ephesians 1 Paul said, that God chose us in him before the foundation of the world having predestined us to adoption as sons by Jesus Christ to himself according to the good pleasure of his will. That's the doctrine of election. God picked you. God chose you. God wanted you to be part of his family.
I love this quote from Charles Spurgeon. He said,
I believe in the doctrine of election. I'm quite sure that if God had not chosen me I never would have chosen him. Furthermore, I am sure God chose me before I was born, because he never would have picked me afterwards.
When God adopts you, the relationship changes and you are now allowed to call him Abba, Father. That's a Hebrew word that means daddy. It's an intimate term. Even today, if you go to Israel you will hear Hebrew children calling out to their fathers, Abba! Abba! Daddy.
Did you know that more than 70 times in the gospels Jesus either called God His Father or instructed us to think of God as our Father. That's how Jesus taught us to pray: “Our Father in Heaven hallowed be your name.”
That came as a shock to the people of the first century because Jews did not refer to God as their father. In fact, you can do a search of the entire Old Testament and only find two verses in the entire Old Testament where anyone addressed God as Father. In 63:16-17, Isaiah says,
You are our Father, though Abraham does not know us and Israel does not acknowledge us; you, O Lord, are our Father, our Redeemer from old is your name (Isa. 63:16–17).
Then, one chapter later, the prophet Isaiah prayed,
O Lord, you are our Father; we are the clay and you are our potter; we are all the work of your hand. Be not so terribly angry, O Lord, and remember not iniquity forever (Isa. 64:8–9).
And that’s pretty much it from the Old Testament, in terms of people calling God “Father.” When Jews prayed, they didn’t refer to God as Father.
They would say, “Blessed are you Lord, God, King of the universe.” Beautiful, and true, but also distant, and unapproachable.
But Jesus said call Him Daddy, call him Father. That's what adoption does. God has redefined the relationship. According to verse 15, we’ve gone from slaves to sons.
Now, I know that just a few weeks ago, we read in Romans 6:19 that we are to present the members of our body as “slaves to righteousness.” So which is it? Are we sons or slaves?
But Paul never says we aren’t slaves. He says we don’t have a spirit of slavery. It goes back to our first point. What is your motivation for serving? A slave serves from duty. A son serves from delight. We have not received the spirit of slavery that makes us fall back into fear.
Flash back to a time you really messed up when you were younger. Maybe you wrecked your car. Maybe you got a speeding ticket. Maybe it was something worse. Depending on the relationship you had with your earthly father, you probably had one of two responses.
You might have said, “Oh, man, I have really messed up. I hope my dad doesn’t find out.” If your biggest screw up leads you to be terrified that your father might find out, then your relationship with your father is characterized by the fear of punishment. This is the spirit of slavery. Your motivation to do good is based solely on not wanting to face the punishment if you mess up.
But now think about the second option. You wrecked the car. You got a speeding ticket. You got arrested. What if your response was, “Man, I’ve really messed up. I’ve got to call my dad.” That is the spirit of adoption. If you understand who you are as a son or daughter of a loving father, then he is the first person you cry out to when you are in trouble. The tearful daughter who makes the call from the scene of the accident, or the hallway of the jail, and the first word out of her mouth is “Daddy…” This is the spirit of adoption by whom we cry “Abba! Father!”
Now, one way or the other, your dad is going to find out. And you are either terrified by that, or you are grateful for that, based on your relationship with your father. But here’s something I want to point out: In this scenario, where I asked you to revisit your biggest screw up, how worried were you about Mr. Johnson down the street?
You’re like, “Who?” Exactly. Who’s Mr Johnson? I don’t care about Mr Johnson down the street. And that’s the point. You are either running from your father or running away from your father, because he is your father.
How do you know God really is your heavenly father? How do you know that you really are His son or daughter?
The answer is in verse 16:
16 The Spirit himself bears witness with our spirit that we are children of God,
We know we are children of God because of the Holy Spirit Himself. Not itself, but Himself. The Holy Spirit isn’t an impersonal force. He is a person, and He bears witness with our spirit that we are the children of God.
When I was preparing for this sermon, I reached out to a family in our church that has gone through the adoption process twice. I asked the mom, “Hey, when you adopted the girls, were you required to have witnesses?” And she answered, “Oh, yes. We had to stand before a judge and take an oath. And we were surrounded by lawyers and family members and case workers and anyone else who would either share responsibility for raising the girls or anyone who had been responsible for vetting us as potential parents during the process. All of them were asked to stand with us as witnesses before the judge.”
‘]\[Why is that important? Well, suppose the biological father decides to come forward and challenge the adoption. What if one day he comes and says, “this child still belongs to me. She isn’t yours. She’s mine!”
Beloved, don’t you see that this is what Satan tries to do all the time! Satan is our biological father. We inherited a sin nature from Adam and Eve, and that’s why Ephesians 2:3 calls us children of wrath, like the rest of mankind.” Revelation 12:10 calls the devil the accuser of the brethren. That’s literally what satan means in Hebrew: Ha Satan: the accuser. And the accuser says, “This one doesn’t belong to you. Look at her! Look at her thought life. Look at all the times she’s screwed up. That’s my girl.”
And so Satan does everything he can to try to drag you back home.
That's when the Holy Spirit comes forward and says, Nope. The Father adopted this child into His family. I was there before the foundation of the world, when the Father predestined her for adoption (Ephesians 1:5). I was there when God Himself allowed His only begotten Son to shed His blood to seal the adoption.
And guess what: I was the one who raised God’s only begotten Son from the dead. So don’t just take My word for it, says the Holy Spirit. Ask Jesus. He’ll tell you, because He was in on this too!
So now you’ve got the witness of the Son. You’ve got the witness of the Spirit. But notice that verse 16 says that the “Spirit Himself bears witness with our spirit that we are children of God.”
We can be confident in our salvation. We can have assurance. How does this happen?
Years ago, Trish’s sister and her husband adopted our nephew Drew from Guatemala. Now what assurances do we have that Drew is really Pam and Erdie’s son? Well, it’s pretty simple. He lives in their house. He doesn’t speak a word of Spanish.
There are some people who have even said they can see the resemblance between Drew and our brother in law. He may be biologically Guatemalan, but there is nothing about him that identifies with Guatemala anymore. I’m not even sure he could find it on a map! Drew has full assurance that he is their child.
But what if Drew decided he didn’t want to live in Pam and Erdie’s house anymore? What if he refused to learn the language or customs of his adoptive country? What if he never left Guatemala, and only ate Guatemalan food, and only hung around with other Guatemalans? People around him would start to wonder if he was truly Pam and Erdie’s adoptive son. He might start to doubt it himself. He would cut himself off from all the privileges of sonship. And although Pam and Erdie would never stop loving him, if Drew spent the rest of his life running away from them, then he might miss out on the whatever inheritance would have been his.
For the spirit Himself to bear witness with our spirit, we need to ask ourselves if we are willingly submitting to sonship. Are you acting like a son or daughter? Are you living by the values of your adoptive father?
So the motivation changes—from duty to delight.
The relationship changes: from slave to son.
Finally, our expectation changes. It changes from happiness to holiness. Here’s what I mean: Verse 17 says:
we are children of God, 17 and if children, then heirs—heirs of God and fellow heirs with Christ, provided we suffer with him in order that we may also be glorified with him.
That’s kind of a scary caveat, isn’t it? We are heirs of God and joint heirs with Christ provided we suffer with him in order that we may also be glorified with him.
A lot of people love the first part of verse 17, and ignore the second part. So please hear this: whenever the New Testament mentions the blessings and benefits of being a child of God, it almost always mentions suffering adjacent to it.
• Philippians 1:29: 29 For it has been granted to you that for the sake of Christ you should not only believe in him but also suffer for his sake,
• 1 Peter 4:12-14: 12 Beloved, do not be surprised at the fiery trial when it comes upon you to test you, as though something strange were happening to you. 13 But rejoice insofar as you share Christ's sufferings, that you may also rejoice and be glad when his glory is revealed.
• 1 Peter 4:16: If anyone suffers as a Christian let him not be ashamed, but let him glorify God in that name.
• Romans 5:3-5: Not only that, but we rejoice in our sufferings, knowing that suffering produces endurance, and endurance produces character, and character produces hope, and hope does not put us to shame, because God's love has been poured into our hearts through the Holy Spirit who has been given to us.
So God’s goal for His children isn’t to make them happy. It is to make them holy. And that is going to mean we face challenges. And those challenges will take the form of suffering and persecution.
If you are indeed an adopted son or daughter of the living God, you aligned yourself with Him and you follow Him and you love Him, you should see suffering for Him as an indicator that you're on the right path.
Anybody can endure suffering, only the Christian can endure suffering knowing there's purpose for it and that is leading somewhere. So all of these experiences are because God adopted you. Meaning he chose you. You were growing in his heart for years. He chose you before the foundation of the earth.
