11/6/19
Tom Lowe
Lesson #14 [IC3c]: Warning Against Not Entering God’s Rest (HEBREWS 4:3-13)
Scripture: Hebrews 4:3-4:13 (NIV)
3. Now we who have believed enter that rest, just as God has said, “So I declared on oath in my anger, ‘They shall never enter my rest.’?” And yet his works have been finished since the creation of the world.
4. For somewhere he has spoken about the seventh day in these words: “On the seventh day God rested from all his works” (see Gen.?2:2).
5. And again in the passage above he says, “They shall never enter my rest.”
6. Therefore since it still remains for some to enter that rest, and since those who formerly had the good news proclaimed to them did not go in because of their disobedience,
7. God again set a certain day, calling it “Today.” This he did when a long time later he spoke through David, as in the passage already quoted: “Today, if you hear his voice, do not harden your hearts” (see Psalm?95:7,8).
8. For if Joshua had given them rest, God would not have spoken later about another day.
9. There remains, then, a Sabbath-rest for the people of God;
10. for anyone who enters God’s rest also rests from their works [or labor], just as God did from his.
11. Let us, therefore, make every effort to enter that rest, so that no one will perish by following their example of disobedience.
12. For the word of God is alive and active. Sharper than any double-edged sword, it penetrates even to dividing soul and spirit, joints and marrow; it judges the thoughts and attitudes of the heart.
13. Nothing in all creation is hidden from God’s sight. Everything is uncovered and laid bare before the eyes of him to whom we must give account.
Introduction:
Hebrews chapters 3 and 4 remind us of a people who would not “go on” to maturity. They settled for less than God had for them. As a result, they were condemned to ceaseless wandering in the wilderness, until they were overtaken at last by death. They were a people who had trusted God to bring them out of Egypt, but simply refused to trust Him to bring them into Canaan. As a result they lost, not their salvation, but their joy, the peace, and the rest God intended for them in the Promised Land.
What determines whether someone who hears the gospel actually enters God’s rest? We do not have to ponder this question because He gives us the answer in John 3:16. [“For God so loved the world that he gave his one and only Son, that whoever believes in him shall not perish but have eternal life.”]
How did the prophet of Israel . . .
How did the writer of Hebrews . . .
Reason from the Old Testament that someone other than Israel had to enter God’s rest? (Heb. 4:3-9) The disobedience of Israel during their wanderings in the wilderness and their refusal to enter Canaan soon after they arrived at the border of Canaan resulted in God barring them from entering the land He promised them. God sent them on a 40-year trek through the wilderness until a new generation that were willing to believe God had grown up.
How does the idea of God’s Sabbath rest from Creation give meaning to the rest belonging to the people of God? (see Heb. 4:4, 9) God was not tired from the work of Creation. He rested as an example for the people of God and He made resting from work on the Sabbath one of the 10 Commandments.
Faith believes what God says and acts in line with His Word. Faith allows the believer to enter the rest into which God has called all His people. It acknowledges the completed work of salvation, while faithfully obeying every instruction from God.
Israel’s failure to enter Canaan becomes a solemn warning, in case professing Christians fail to enter the rest that God has promised. This rest is not entrance to Canaan, as it is in Hebrews 3:18 [“And to whom did God swear that they would never enter his rest if not to those who disobeyed?”], but that historical event is a type of the rest to be enjoyed by Christians. Some commentators view rest as a future heavenly rest, while others feel that the term describes the present experience of the believer who has fully surrendered to the lordship of Christ and is totally controlled by the Holy Spirit.
Do you think the rest that exists for the people of God spoken of in Hebrews 3-4 is primarily a reference to the eternal state of redeemed humanity or primarily a reference to the quality of life “the Apostle and High Priest of our confession, Jesus Christ” intends for Christians in this life? Why?
Remember, these people being addressed are informed but unresponsive. These Jews not only know the basic truths of the gospel but had even renounced Judaism. The warning applies to anyone who is hesitating in committing himself fully to Jesus Christ and can be summarized.
“Do not harden your hearts.”
“Don’t become insensitive to God’s Word.”
Obviously, rest is the blessing that is missed if we refuse to go foreword, and if we harden our hearts against His Word.
Commentary
3. Now we who have believed enter that rest {t-1], just as God has said, “So I declared on oath in my anger, ‘They shall never enter my rest.’?” And yet his works have been finished since the creation of the world.
In verses 3-5 the psalmist argues that this “rest” { was not merely the land of Canaan. He prefaces his quotation of Psalm 95:11 [“So I declared on oath in my anger, ‘They shall never enter my rest.’”] with a reminder that those who believe and obey can and do enter God’s rest. And after that, He suggests that “rest” must refer to something connected with God’s work at “the foundation of the world.”
“Now we who have believed enter that rest” {t-1] just as God has said,
Those who exercise faith in the message of God will enter into their spiritual rest. This is the corollary of Psalm 95:11 which states the opposite side; that the unbeliever will not enter into the rest which God provides. Since the Israelites were already established in Canaan when David wrote psalm 95:11, its warning about missing out on God’s rest must refer to something beyond that material possession.
The answer to fear and failure is faith.
“So I declared on oath in my anger, ‘They shall never enter my rest {t-8].’?”
The “rest” promised in the psalm is a share in the Sabbath of God’s own rest, following His work in Creation (see below on 4:9-11). In Hebrews, God’s rest is equivalent to the ‘heavenly country’ (11:16), the ‘heavenly Jerusalem’ (12:22), the ‘kingdom that can’t be shaken’ (12:28), and other such descriptions of the Christian’s inheritance. From one point of view, that rest already exists for us in the heavenlies and can be ‘entered’ now, by faith (12:22). It has been in existence since the creation of the world. From another point of view, we are on a pilgrimage to ‘the city that is to come’ (13:14), and we wait to be ushered into ‘the world to come’ (2:5).
“And yet his works have been finished since the creation of the world.” The spiritual rest which God gives is not something incomplete or unfinished. It is a rest which is based on a finished work which God proposed in eternity past, just like the rest which God took after He finished creation. (v. 4)
We don’t have to work to enter in, but a work was done.
4. For somewhere he has spoken about the seventh day in these words: “On the seventh day God rested from all his works” (see Gen.?2:2).
5. And again in the passage above he says, “They shall never enter my rest.”
Where was it that God spoke about the seventh day?” In Genesis 2:2 He said, “and God rested on the seventh day from all His works.” In Genesis 2:2 “rest” refers to God’s own eternal life. And so the deeper or spiritual sense of Psalm 95:11 must be the same. God created the universe in a six-day period of time. On the seventh day God rested. It was the rest of completion. So, the Sabbath day commemorates God’s work of creation.
God’s Sabbath rest was broken by sin. Jesus declared this clearly when the Jews accused Him of breaking the Sabbath, He replied, “ . . . "My Father is always at his work to this very day, and I too am working” (John 5:17). [The context was the healing at the pool of Bethesda.]
6. Therefore since it still remains for some to enter that rest, and since those who formerly had the good news proclaimed to them did not go in because of their disobedience,
“Although there was a Sabbath day established in the first creation week, here?thousands of years later?God says, “Therefore since it still remains for some to enter that rest,” as though it were a future event. Therefore, this doesn’t speak of creation but of Canaan.
“Rest” [Canaan rest] was first offered to Israel at Kadesh-Barnea. Later, Joshua made the offer upon Moses’ death when he assumed command of Israel, The Lord continued to offer it in David’s time, and the opportunity to enter God’s rest remains open for believers today. [“a promise remains” in v. 1]. It is not yet too late. He is still patiently inviting his people to enter His rest (Rom. 10:21).
7. God again set a certain day, calling it “Today.” This he did when a long time later he spoke through David, as in the passage already quoted: “Today, if you hear his voice, do not harden your hearts” (see Psalm?95:7,8).
8. For if Joshua had given them rest, God would not have spoken later about another day.
Verse 7 is a quote from Psalm 95:7-8, saying that David did speak of a “rest” for the people of God. The “rest” did not occur during David’s reign, which leads us to believe it was messianic and was to happen in the millennium.
“To day if ye will hear his voice”
His voice calling you; commanding you; inviting you; encouraging you. The word “today” here means “the present time;” now. The idea is, that the intention to obey should not be deferred until tomorrow; should not be put off to the future. The commands of God should be obeyed at once; the intent should be put into action and be executed immediately. All God‘s commands relate to the present. He gives us none for the future; and a true purpose to obey God exists only where there is a willingness to obey “now,” “today;” and can exist only then. A purpose to repent at some future time, to give up the world at some future time, to embrace the Gospel at some future time, is “not obedience,” for there is no such command addressed to us. A resolution to put off repentance and faith, to defer attention to religion until some future time, is real disobedience?and often the worst form of disobedience?for it is directly in the face of the command of God. “If ye will hear,” that is, if there is a disposition or willingness to obey His voice at all; or, to listen to His commands (Hebrews 3:7{t-2]).
The psalmist is saying: adore Him! Do it now! Instantly! Don’t put it off! This takes priority and precedence over all else. This is life’s highest duty, life’s supreme moment. Let nothing come between—not even a flickering moment of time. The moment we allow something to get in between, the mystic moment passes and mundane things intrude.
“Do not harden your hearts”
“Do not harden your hearts” ? by obstinate unbelief, and the deceitfulness of sin (Hebrews 3:8{t-3], 12-13), against Christ, and against His Gospel, and against all the light and evidence of it, rebelling against the light, and resisting the Holy Ghost. There is a natural hardness of the heart, due to the corruption of nature; and there is a habitual hardness, acquired by a constant and long practice of sinning; and there is a judicial hardness, which God gives unto men. There is a hardness of heart, which sometimes is fastened onto God's own people, through the deceitfulness of sin catching up with them; of which, when sensible, they complain and guard against.
The thought here seems to concern the hardness of the Jew’s hearts in the times of Christ and His apostles, which the Holy Ghost foresaw, and gave this warning; but the Jews, notwithstanding the clear evidence of Jesus being the Messiah, from prophecy, from miracles, from doctrines, from the gifts of the Spirit, etc.; hardened their hearts against Him, rebelled against light, and would not receive Him, but rather, reject him.
“Do not harden your hearts”
“Do not harden your hearts” as in the provocation; or “as your fathers did at Massah and Meribah”; or as in the day of temptation in the wilderness”?do not be as good at resisting the Holy Ghost as they were (Acts 7:51 {t-4]) at “Meribah”; a place so called because of the contention and striving of the people of Israel with the Lord and His servants. At “Meribah,” they provoked not only the meek man Moses to speak unadvisedly; but also the Lord himself by their murmurings (Exodus 17:7{t-5]); however, this may have to do with their provocations in general in the wilderness; for they often provoked Him by their unbelief, ingratitude, and idolatry (Deuteronomy 9:8).
“The Hebrew simply reads: As Meribah, as the day of Massah, in the wilderness. The allusion is to Exodus 17:7 {t-5]. “And he called the name of the place Massah and Meriba”; Temptation and Rebellion. “The day of temptation” (or, the day of Massah) is the name given the time when they tempted Him at Massah by distrusting His power and presence among them, by disobeying His commands, and limiting the Holy One of Israel to time and means of deliverance (see Exodus 17:7 {t-5]). Since this occurred in the wilderness, it was an aggravation of their sin; for He had just brought them out of Egypt, and wonderfully appeared to them, there and at the Red sea; and besides, they were in a place where they were totally dependent upon God, where they could have nothing but what came from Him. It was foolishness as well as wickedness to provoke and tempt God. The unfaithfulness of Israel was principally that of their complaining and murmuring against God, a behavior that was actually due to their unbelief. These were noted instances of rebellion through unbelief, and are cited here only as examples of the disobedience of their forefathers in the desert, against which the people are warned here. Meribah, which was the proper name of the place where that happened, and which also was called Massah, as is evident from Exodus 17:7 {t-5] and Deuteronomy 33:8. Afterward, the name “Meribah” was also given to Kadesh, (Numbers 20:13; Numbers 27:14,) written fully, “Meribah-Kadesh,” (Deuteronomy 32:51).
“For if Joshua had given them rest,”? God’s true rest did not come through Joshua or Moses, but through Jesus Christ, who is greater than either one. Joshua led the nation of Israel into the land of their promised rest. However, that was merely the earthly rest which was only the shadow of what was involved in the heavenly rest. Israel’s earthly rest was filled with the attacks of enemies and the daily cycle of work. The heavenly rest is characterized by the fullness of heavenly promise (Eph. 1:3) and the absence of any labor to attain it.
God would not have spoken later about another day. A long time after the conquest of Canaan, God designated another day as the day [Today] to hear His voice and enter God’s rest. This proves that David had in mind another rest beyond the enjoyment of life in the land of Israel. If Joshua had given people their ultimate rest at the time of the conquest, God would not have spoken later about another day. The hope of God’s people is a heavenly rest, not the re-establishment of the Jews in the land of Israel. The fundamental promises of the old covenant are fulfilled in a transformed way by Jesus Christ.
AT THIS POINT, THERE IS AN ABRUPT CHANGE IN THE PSALM. THE CONTRAST IS STARTLING! UP TO NOW WE HAVE BEEN PRAISING GOD. NOW COMES A WORD OF WARNING.
9. There remains, then, a Sabbath-rest for the people of God;
Jesus cried, “It is finished” (John 19:30). Today, God rests in Christ’s finished words and so does the believer. Our rest is based on a finished work. God intends for His people to share in His own Sabbath rest where we will be liberated from all the trials and pressures of our present existence to serve God without hindrance and to live with Him forever (Rev. 7:13-17). There is, therefore, a gospel need to make every effort to enter that rest. Since faith is the means by which we enter God’s rest (v. 3), the writer is clearly restating the warning about hardening our hearts in unbelief.
The eternal Sabbath rest promised by God remains open today to all who hear God’s voice and act upon it. The promise of rest demands a decision and an appropriate response now. Entering into rest will mean entering the kind of rest that God has enjoyed from the time of creation as described in Gen. 2:2.
Jesus of Nazareth has done what Joshua the son of Nun could not do, that is; lead God’s people into eternal life (“rest”) with God. And so, with his emphasis on “today” David [writing in the Promised Land] reminds God’s people that God’s rest remains a possibility for them provided that they respond with faith and obedience in the present [“today”].
10. for anyone who enters God’s rest also rests from their works [or labor], just as God did from his.
11. Let us, therefore, make every effort to enter that rest, so that no one will perish by following their example of disobedience.
Verse 11 reminds us that the child of God must deliberately appropriate for himself the rest the Lord has secured. Calvary rest frees us from the burden of our sin. We can rest it all on Christ along with all the other heartaches and problems of life.
“Let us,” Paul said, “therefore, make every effort to enter that rest,” which means that we should do everything necessary to enter God’s perfect rest.
Introduction to Hebrews 4:12-13:
The writer of Hebrews was concerned that we see the importance of the Word of God. The first four chapters deal with the supreme Word of God. When God speaks, whether in the written Word in the Bible or in Jesus, the living Word, it is different from the words of man. In Hebrews 4:12-13, the inspired writer describes graphically the difference between His Word and all other words. All through this book the believer is exhorted to give attention to the Word of God.
Israel did not pay close attention to the Word of God. They failed to believe the Word of God and the consequences were harsh and unforgiving.
12. For the word of God is alive and active. Sharper than any double-edged sword, it penetrates [pierces] even to dividing soul and spirit, joints and marrow; it judges the thoughts and attitudes of the heart.
This verse explains why Scripture and its interpretation are so important in Hebrews and identifies Scripture [ For the author and his first hearers was the Old Testament], as one way in which God communicates with humankind. It also points toward Jesus as the Word and wisdom of God (Heb. 1:1-4; John 1:1-18; Col.1:15-20) as the definitive revealer and revelation of God.
“For the word of God is alive {t-6] and active”
It is alive [“living”]! It is always working and quickening its message to the human heart. Therefore, God’s Word of rest is not a dead and meaningless promise; it is living and full of life to the believer. The written word of God introduces us to the living word of God. In 1Thessalonians Paul wrote this: “And we also thank God continually because, when you received the word of God, which you heard from us, you accepted it not as a human word, but as it actually is, the word of God, which is indeed at work in you who believe” (1 Thess. 2:13). The Word of God will not let a soul who hears it ignore God’s promise of rest. And we also thank God continually because, when you received the word of God, which you heard from us, you accepted it not as a human word, but as it actually is, the word of God, which is indeed at work in you who believe.
It is active [powerful, our word for energize]! The Word of God energizes and brings life where there is death. The Word of God brings activity where there has been inactivity. Word means productive.
Now here is the other side of the giving of the Gospel. Paul has already said, “For our Gospel came not unto you in word only, but also in power, and in the Holy Ghost”. . . (1 Thessalonians 1:5). That is the way the Gospel should be given out. But I hear a great many people criticize preachers and I want to say this: If a man is presenting the Gospel and it is going out in power, it should be received as the Word of God.
After the Word is given out and after it is received with faith, it should be obeyed; that’s important. It is not enough to appreciate the Bible, or even to appropriate the Bible. We must apply the Word in our lives and be hearers and doers of the Word (James 1:19-25). The Bible is a living book and a powerful book because its central personality is not a fictitious character. When you and I open up this special book, we are brought face-to-face with the living, life-giving Lord Jesus Christ.
The Word should go out as the Word of God, and it should be received as the Word of God. And, my friend, if you will receive it that way then it will be able to work in you, and there’s blessing there for you?IT WILL CHANGE YOUR LIFE! Otherwise, you are wasting your time in church.
The Word of God has in it the power to accomplish the will of God. “For nothing is impossible with God” (Luke 1:37). It has well been said, “God’s commandments are God’s enablements.” Jesus commanded the crippled man to stretch out his hand—the very thing the man could not do. Yet that word of command gave him the power to obey. He trusted the word, obeyed, and was made whole (Mark 3:1-5). When we believe God’s Word and obey, He releases power—divine energy—that works in our lives to fulfill His purposes.
The Word of God within us is a great source of power in times of testing and suffering. If we appreciate the Word (the heart), appropriate the Word (the mind), and apply the Word (the will), then the whole person will be controlled by God’s Word and He will give us the victory.
The Word of God has the creative power of God behind it and in it (Genesis 1:3). The word “believe” is in the Greek present tense, indicating continuing action. The truth of God like a good medicine will continue to heal sin-sick souls so long as people receive it by faith.
The Word of God is piercing
“Sharper {t-7] than any double-edged sword” describes the Word of God; Ephesians 6:17 says, “The sword of the Spirit, which is the Word of God.” It is a sharp word; if the Word of God is preached, you will feel it. In Acts 7:54, Paul wrote, “Now when they heard this, they were cut to the quick, and they began gnashing their teeth at him.” When Stephen was on trial for his life, they cut Stephen’s speech short; they had heard more than enough when Stephen accused them of murdering Jesus. They were filled with uncontrollable rage and gnashed their teeth at him.
While the Word of God is comforting and nourishing, to those who believe, it is a tool of judgment and execution for those who have not committed themselves to Jesus Christ. Intellectually, they were at least partly persuaded, but inside they were not committed to him. God’s Word would expose their shallow beliefs and even their false intentions (1 Sam. 16:7; 1 Pe. 4:5).
Remember: It is the “Sword of the Spirit” not the “sword of the preacher or believer.”
The Word of God is a separating word.
It is capable of “dividing soul and spirit”?man is body [physical life], soul [mental life/intellectual life], spirit [spiritual life]. These Words do not describe two separate entities, but are used as one might say “heart and soul” to express fullness (Luke 10:27; Acts 4:32). Elsewhere, these terms are used interchangeably to describe man’s immaterial self, his internal inner person.
Until one is saved, his spirit is dead and entombed in his soul. The soul is the seat of self-consciousness. In the fall of Adam, the spirit of man was separated from God, and death resulted. When the Word of God penetrates our souls, it divides the spirit of man from the tomb of his own soul. Once that takes place, the Spirit of God rules the spirit of man and a takeover of the soul and body is possible. This is a picture of what happens on the inside of man when we are saved.
“Joints and marrow” speaks of the external and internal work of the Word of God. The lost person is world conscious. The saved person is “Word” conscious.
Convictions are formed in the life of the child of God that comes as a result of the piercing of God’s Word. Paul addresses convictions in Romans 14:1-8, 23. The gist of his speech is:
1. We should not judge those whose convictions are different from ours (v. 1-4).
2. Whatever our convictions are, they must be “to the Lord,” that is, developed out of a sense of obedience to Him. (v. 5-8)
3. Whatever convictions we have developed, “to the Lord,” we must be true to them (v. 23). If we go against our convictions, we are sinning, even though others may have perfect freedom in that particular thing.
The Word of God is probing, that is, “it judges [it is a discerner/critic of] the thoughts and attitudes of the heart.” Often some are critical of the Bible but the Bible is the infallible critic. To be a critic means to judge, to sift and to analyze.
The “Word of God” probes into the inner recesses of our being and explores all our motives. It is a probing discoverer. For instance, have you ever thought that a pastor or evangelist was speaking directly to you? The Word of God reveals your thoughts. It even reveals your intentions or motives. God’s Word illuminates the dark corner of my life. Other people see what we do but God’s Word examines why we do what we do.
The Word of God is Personal, it speaks directly to you and it will show you, you.
13. Nothing in all creation is hidden from God’s sight. Everything is uncovered and laid bare before the eyes of him to whom we must give account.
Verse 13 seems to refer back to God in the phrase “Word of God” in 4:12. As a good preacher the author often tempers his most powerful messages with reminders of divine judgment to which we all must submit. Having laid before his readers the possibility of eternal “rest” with God and having challenged them to respond positively with faith and obedience, he now warns them that they must render an account before the divine judge who will reward or punish them on the basis of their account.
Remember, the Bible is a living sword. A physical sword stabs living people and makes them dead; our sword, the Bible, the Spiritual Sword, stabs people and makes them alive.
When an unbeliever comes under the scrutiny of God’s Word, he will be unavoidably face-to-face with the perfect truth about God, and about himself.
“Everything is uncovered and laid bare before the eyes of him to whom we must give account.”
Each person is judged not only by the Word of God (John 12:48), but by God Himself. We are accountable to the living, written Word (John 6:63) and to the living God who is its author.
Before God’s Word nothing is hidden, but all is naked and “laid bare.” This rare term probably evokes the image of a sacrificial victim whose neck is bared to the priest’s knife. “The Word of God,” as used here means God Himself by Metonymy?like when we say “the White House” meaning the president or “the Throne,” meaning the Queen.
The Last Word
We cannot hide our faces from the One to whom we must give account. If the Word of God has its dissecting and exposing effect in our lives now, we will not be hardened by the deceitfulness of sin and come utterly unprepared to face Him on the day of reckoning. In the final analysis, then, this passage suggests that the negative or judging function of the Word of God can be a help to us in pursuing the journey of faith.
Special notes and Scripture
[t-1} REST is the place of total reliance on Him. Rest is a word that means to settle down. In classic Greek it was used of colonization. Here it means to live settled down with God. To live totally dependent on Him. It is a synopsis for a life that is loved by faith. The opposite of rest is unbelief.
[t-2} Therefore, just as the Holy Spirit says, "TODAY IF YOU HEAR HIS VOICE, (Hebrews 7:3). The Hebrew reads, O that you would hear his voice today. Today is prophetically interpreted by the writer as referring to the Christian present, the time of salvation inaugurated by the appearance of Christ.
[t-3} “Harden not your hearts, as in the provocation, in the day of temptation in the wilderness:” (Hebrews 3:8). Provocation… temptation—In Exodus 17:7, at the smiting of the rock to bring water for the murmuring people, it is said that Moses “called the name of the place Massah, [temptation,] and Meribah, [bitterness,] because of the chiding of the children of Israel, and because they tempted the Lord, saying, Is the Lord among us or not.” The word provocation, here, is the Septuagint translation of Meribah, and temptation of Massah.
[t-4} “Ye stiff-necked and uncircumcised in heart and ears, ye do always resist the Holy Ghost: as your fathers did, so do ye” (Acts 7:51). Although the men were physically circumcised, they were acting like the uncircumcised pagans of the nations around them. They were not truly consecrated...
[t-5} “And he called the name of the place Massah, and Meribah, because of the chiding of the children of Israel, and because they tempted the Lord, saying, Is the Lord among us, or not?” (Exodus 17:7) Massah … Meribah: Had the people not behaved so horribly, God would have provided the water in a context of blessing, and the names for the place would have been positive. Sadly, the names are negative.
[t-6} God’s Word is “alive,” alive and life giving. There is something up-to-date and contemporary about the Bible. Long ago, when authors, inspired by the Holy Spirit wrote the Word of God, these words were living power to that generation. Now, thousands of years later, we read these same Words and they are as relevant as if they had been composed this morning. The Bible is the eternal Word of God.
[t-7} “Sharper” means to cut. It does not leave a soul alone. It is penetrating and convicting. If the Word is preached you will feel it. We read in Acts 7:54, “When they heard these things, they were cut to the heart and they gnashed on him with their teeth.
[t-8} The term “rest,” here and in Psalm 95:11, referred to the “resting place” of Canaan, the goal of the wandering Israelites.
